By Lee 
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders affecting women of reproductive age. Many seek expert guidance from a gynaecologist in margao when irregular cycles, weight gain, acne, or fertility challenges begin to interfere with daily life. Despite being widespread, PCOS remains misunderstood, leading to delayed diagnosis and unnecessary anxiety among women. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options can empower women to take charge of their reproductive and hormonal health effectively.
PCOS occurs when the ovaries produce higher-than-normal levels of androgens—hormones typically present in small amounts in women. Elevated androgens interfere with the ovulation process, causing irregular periods or absence of periods. Additionally, multiple small cysts may form on the ovaries, though this is not always necessary for diagnosis.
The symptoms of PCOS vary significantly and can present differently in each woman. Some experience severe acne, excessive facial or body hair, and unexplained weight gain, while others struggle primarily with menstrual irregularities. Insulin resistance is another hallmark of PCOS, contributing to weight gain and increasing the risk of type-2 diabetes if not managed early. Emotional symptoms—such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem—are also common due to hormonal fluctuations and cosmetic concerns.
A proper diagnosis involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, ultrasound imaging, and blood tests to assess hormone levels. Early diagnosis is key, as untreated PCOS can lead to complications like infertility, endometrial hyperplasia, or even metabolic syndrome.
Treatment is personalized and often depends on whether the woman is trying to conceive. Lifestyle modification, including diet changes and regular exercise, is the first line of management and has proven highly effective in regulating hormones. Weight reduction, even as little as 5–10%, significantly improves symptoms. Medications such as hormonal contraceptives, anti-androgens, or insulin-sensitizers may be recommended to control symptoms and restore hormonal balance.
For women trying to conceive, ovulation-inducing medications such as letrozole or clomiphene citrate may be used. In rare cases, laparoscopic ovarian drilling may be advised, though it’s considered only when medication fails.
Holistic therapies, including yoga, stress management techniques, and anti-inflammatory diets, also play an essential role in PCOS management. Women must understand that while PCOS is a chronic condition, it is manageable with the right support, timely diagnosis, and sustainable lifestyle changes. Regular follow-ups with a qualified specialist ensure long-term health and improved quality of life.